On the discrepancy between the fundamental assumption of cladistics and facts

Cladistics s rests on the fundamental assumption that it is possible to reduce four dimensions consistently into three dimensions, and thereby that it is possible to reduce three dimensions consistently into two dimensions, and thus that everything can ultimately be consistently described in terms of black and white.

This assumption is, however, simply wrong. In every dimension reduction, the reduced dimension has to be spread over the remaining dimensions as some kind of error. A two-dimensional illustration simply can't convey all information in a four-dimensional illustration.

This fact means that every illustration is a dimensional reduction. We simply can't illustrate reality as it is. This fact is also illustrated by Magritte's painting,"Ceci, ce'st ne pas une pipe". An illustration of something can never become the same thing as that which it illustrates.

The cladistic assumption is thus wrong. It is not possible to illustrate anything consistently in less dimensions than what it actually occupies, since it would mean that it is something else than what it is. The cladistic idea s thus fundamentally inconsistent.